排序方式： 共有39条查询结果，搜索用时 277 毫秒
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Waruiru R.M. Nansen P. Kyvsgaard N.C. Thamsborg S.M. Munyua W.K. Gathuma J.M. Bøgh H.O. 《Veterinary research communications》1998,22(5):325-334
The gastrointestinal tracts of 672 crossbred cattle were obtained from various abattoirs in Kiambu District, Kenya from August 1992 to July 1993, and examined for the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes. Eight nematode species were found in 583 (86.8%) of the animals. The nematodes were, in order of prevalence: Haemonchus placei (67.0%), Cooperia pectinata (53.0%), Cooperia punctata (41.7%), Oesophagostomum radiatum (38.4%), Trichostrongylus axei (24.3%), Nematodirus helvetianus (19.6%), Trichuris globulosa (9.7%) and Strongyloides papillosus (3.6%). The intensity of the nematode infection was moderate; the mean burden being less than 7000 worms. H. placei accounted, on average, for 52.3% of the total burden. The total burden was least during the dry seasons and increased gradually during the rainy seasons. Adult H. placei persisted in the host throughout the year and there was no indication of hypobiosis. The heaviest gastrointestinal worm burdens were detected in 1.5- to 3-year-old animals. These findings are discussed with regard to their relevance for strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle. 相似文献
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Njenga MJ Munyua SJ Mutiga ER Gathuma JM Kang'ethe EK Bwangamoi O Mugera GM Mitaru BN 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》1999,70(1):18-20
A study on the semen obtained from breeding goats suffering from mild to severe chronic besnoitiosis revealed marked changes in semen volume, colour, density, concentration, mass and individual motility and percentage live. There were also many neutrophils and spermatozoa with primary and secondary defects, including missing tails and deformed heads and tails. The observed changes were considered to be severe enough to account for the infertility observed in the flock. Sections of testes obtained for histopathology were characterised by massive blockage of the pampiniform plexus, degeneration of the germinal epithelium, tubular necrosis with an inflammatory infiltrate and, in some cases, accumulation of haemosiderin-like material in the tunica vaginalis. 相似文献
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J. J. N. Ngeranwa E. R. Mutiga G. J. O. Agumbah P. K. Gathumbi W. K. Munyua 《Veterinary research communications》1991,15(4):301-308
The effects on the fertility of small East African male goats of intravenous infection with Trypanosoma (t) (b) evansi were studied. Six infected bucks developed erratic, low but persistent parasitaemia, the packed cell volume dropped gradually but significantly (p<0.001) and they became emanciated. Half of these bucks developed clinical orchitis. Two bucks died of the disease during the experiment.Semen from all the infected bucks deteriorated in quality and quantity and those with clinical orchitis became totally aspermic. Spermatozoal abnormalities and the number of dead spermatozoa rose significantly. Later in the disease, the testicles of the infected bucks atrophied. Histologically, the testicles from the infected animals became devoid of spermatozoa, the testicular blood vessels contained microthrombi and there was infiltration of inflammatory cells. Subsequently, diffuse calcification set in, with calcium deposits obliterating most of the seminiferous vesicles and ducts and also the epididymal ducts. 相似文献
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Ng'ang'a CJ Maingi N Munyua WK Kanyari PW 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2004,71(3):219-226
A survey on the prevalence and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal helminths of Dorper sheep in relation to age and weather factors was carried out on a ranch in Kajiado district, a semi-arid area of Kenya for a period of 13 months (May 1999 to May 2000). Faecal samples from lambs (3 months to 1 year), yearlings (1-2 years) and adult breeding ewes (2-4 years) were examined for helminth egg output and helminth genus composition at 3-week intervals. The results indicated that the prevalence of strongyle and tapeworms infections were highest for lambs, followed by the adult breeding ewes and then for the yearlings. In all age groups the proportions of infected animals were higher during the wet season than in the dry season for both nematodes and tapeworms. The mean strongyle egg counts were higher during the dry season for lambs, but were higher during the wet season for the other age groups. Mixed strongyle infections were detected, with Trichostrongylus (55 %), Haemonchus (28 %), Cooperia (10.5 %) and Oesophagostomum (6.5 %) being the most frequently encountered genera throughout the study period. The trends in strongyle faecal egg counts indicated the occurrence of hypobiosis, with resumption of development towards the end of the dry season and at the onset of the short rains in October and November. Self-cure was also observed in September and November in all age groups, although less frequently in lactating ewes. The prevalence and intensities of infection with gastrointestinal helminths in this area appeared to be influenced by the age of the host and weather factors. 相似文献
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R. M. Waruiru E. H. Weda H. O. Bøgh W. K. Munyua J. M. Gathuma S. M. Thamsborg P. Nansen 《Tropical animal health and production》1997,29(3):129-140
Summary The efficacy of morantel sustained release trilaminate (MSRT) bolus against gastrointestinal nematodes was evaluated under
field conditions over a 10-month period. Twenty weaner calves were randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 calves each and grazed
from March to December on adjacent, similarly contaminated paddocks. Group 1 calves (T-1) served as untreated controls while
group 2 calves (T-2) were dosed at turnout with MSRT bolus designed to release morantel tartrate continuously for 90 days.
The efficacy of MSRT was assessed by comparison of parasitological data (faecal worm egg counts, herbage larval counts, worm
counts from tracer calves and set-stocked trial calves, determination of haematological parameters and pepsinogen levels),
weight gains and clinical status of the animals. Faecal egg counts from the treated group (T-2) were reduced by 100% (P <
0·001) following treatment and remained significantly (P < 0·05) lower than counts from T-1 calves up to trial termination.
The use of MSRT bolus resulted in a reduction of 92% (P < 0·001) in the number of gastrointestinal nematodes in set-stocked
calves at the end of the study and a 55 to 85·7% reduction in herbage larval infectivity as reflected in lowered parasite
burdens in tracer calves. At the trial termination, the control calves had gained on average (± s.d.) 59·4 ± 4·8 kg (200·0
± 7·4 g day−1) and the treated ones on an average 128·6 ± 10·5 kg (530·0 ± 13·1 g day−1).
Eficacia De La Utilizacion De Bolos Trilaminados De Morantel Frente A Nematodos Gastrointestinales En Vacuno De Leche En Pastoreo En Kenya
Resumen Se evaluó la eficacia de los bolos trilaminados de liberación continua de morantel (MSRT) frente a nematodos gastrointestinales en condiciones de campo y durante un período de 10 meses. Un total de 20 terneros recién destetados fueron divididos al azar en dos grupos de 10 animales cada uno y mantenidos en pastoreo desde marzo hasta diciembre en parcelas adyacentes y con una carga parasitaria similar. Los terneros del grupo 1 (T-1) fueron los animales control y no recibieron ningun tratamiento, mientras que los terneros del grupo 2 (T-2) fueron tratados con MSRT al inicio del período de pastoreo; los MSRT estaban dise?ados para liberar tartrato de morantel de forma contínua durante 90 días. La eficacia de los MSRT se evaluó comparando datos parasitológicos (huevos en heces, larvas en el pasto, parásitos en los animales, parámetros hematológicos y niveles de pepsinógeno), ganancias de peso y datos clínicos. El número de huevos en heces en los animales T-2 se redujo en un 100% (P < 0·001) después del tratamiento y se mantuvo significativamente más bajo (P 0·05) que el de los animales T-1 durante todo el experimento. La utilización de MSRT resultó en una reducción del 92% (P < 0·001) en el número de nematodos gastrointestinales y en una reducción del 55 al 85·7% en el número de larvas en el pasto. La ganancia de peso final fue de 59·4 ± 4·8 kg en los animales T-1 (200·0 ± 7·4 g/día) y de 128·6 ± 10·5 kg en los animales T-2 (530·0 ± 13·1 g/día).
Efficacite Du Morantel Por Voie Orale Contre Des Nematodes Gastro-Intestinaux Chez Des Veaux Laitiers Au Kenya
Résumé L’efficacité du Morantel distribué par voie orale, contre des nématodes intestinaux fut évaluéein situ sur plus de 10 mois. 20 veaux sevrés furent répartis au hasard dans 2 groupes de 10 veaux chacuns et broutèrent de Mars à Décembre sur 2 parcelles adjacentes et contaminées de fa?on identique. Le premier groupe (T-1) servit de temoin alors que le deuxième groupe (T-2) re?ut du morantel de fa?on continue pendant 90 jours. L’efficacité du Morantel fut analysée par comparaison des données parasitologiques (nombre d’oeufs de nématode dans les faèces, nombre de larve dans l’herbe, nombre de nematodes chez des veaux de contr?le mobiles et non mobiles, determination des paramètres hématologiques et des tereurs en pepsinogène), des gains de poids et des caractéristiques cliniques des animaux. Le nombre d’oeufs dans les faeces furent réduits de 100% dans le groupe (T-2) (P < 0,001) après le traitement et perdura de fa?on significative (P < 0,05) en dessous des valeurs pour les veaux du groupe (T-1) et cela jusqu’à la fin de l’éxpérience. L’utilisation du Morantel par voie orale entra?na une réduction de 92% dans le nombre des nématodes intestinaux dans les veaux immobilisés à la fin de l’experimentation ainsi qu’une réduction de 55 à 85,7% des larves dans les herbages témoin d’une diminution des parasites rejetés par les animaux sentinels. A la fin de l’expérimentation, les veaux du groupe de contr?le gagnèrent en moyenne 59,4 kg ± 4,8 kg (200,0 ± 7,4 g/jour) alors que les animaux traités gagnèrent en moyenne 128,6 ± 10,5 kg (530,0 ± 13,1 g/jour).相似文献
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C. J. Ng’ang’a N. Maingi P. W. N. Kanyari W. K. Munyua 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(6):921-926
The effects of anthelmintics treatments in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in breeding ewes in a semi-arid area of
Kenya were determined. The study carried out during two breeding seasons, between June 2000 and December 2001 where albendazole
was administered to groups of ewes, 2 weeks before mating, 3 weeks to lambing and mid lactation indicated significantly lower
nematode egg counts in treated than untreated groups of ewes. In the first breeding season, reduced rainfall resulted in pasture
scarcity and weight loss in both groups of ewes through out the gestation period, but losses were higher for the untreated
group. In the second season, both groups of ewes showed a steady increase in weight gain during the gestation period and post-partum,
but weight gains were higher in the treated group. In lambs, weight gains at 6 weeks were higher for treated ewes than control
groups, in both breeding seasons. The results of this trial indicate that anthelmintic treatments in breeding ewes in the
study area are beneficial in reducing gastrointestinal nematode infections and improving performance of the ewes and their
lambs. In addition to the treatments, breeding ewes should be given feed supplementation particularly during periods of pasture
scarcity. 相似文献